Friday, September the 22nd 2006 (GMT +3)

09.00-10.30: CAENTI workshops WP5 - Governance Principles

• 09:00-09:30: Caenti workshops wp5 governance principles : synthesis of experiences catalogue. Blanca MIEDES UGARTE, Universidad de Huelva.
  WP5 GOVERNANCE activities are focused on mutualisation, systematisation, capitalisation and diffusion of knowledge and know-how of CAENTI research teams and territorial actors in the field of sustainable development governance. Therefore, systematic efforts are gathering and they are being performed in this WP in order to achieve the following objectives:
  1) To establish a common analysis framework specifying impacts, potentialities, risks and limiting factors of implementation of the governance principles to sustainable territorial development.
  2) To ensure, through a European suitable letter of quality, ethical principles and conditions to be respected in research projects development. Thus, they will efficiently contribute through their impact on governance, to generate dynamics of sustainable territorial development and to identify the way those principles constrain research, in terms of processes, tools and results.
  3) To define technological developments encouraging practical implementation of research cooperative principles.
  The main WP5 objective that is tackled in this first phase (March to December 2006) is to settle the subsequent work framework. In order to achieve this goal, during a seminar which was celebrated in Huelva University in May 5th, research teams agreed in answering the following questions based on their own experience:

- Which is the general framework for the relationships between sustainable development, territorial governance principles, SHS research and territorial intelligence?
- In which way, do “research-action” processes improve governance, by favouring territorial sustainable development?
- How does the respect of well-balanced approach, partnership and participation principles condition the research process, methods and results?
By following the previously approved common guidelines, every research team has worked in reporting its reflections and its accumulated experience. The content of these first-drafts reports will be discussed in CAENTI WP5 GOVERNANCE PRINCIPLES WORKSHOP in Alba Iulia Conference. Members of the workshop will argue and add comments on their previous first-drafts reports in order to shape the final version. These reviews and the workshop conclusions will be integrated in a common document. This final report will constitute the deliverable of the project: “Application of the sustainable development governance principles to the territorial research-action” (September to December 2006).
How do new technologies influence these processes?

11.00-12.30: WP6 workshop

• 11.00-11.20: WP6 Realisations and orientations Tools for actors. Jean-Jacques GIRARDOT, Université de Franche-Comté.
  The WP6 consists in designing and disseminating tools of territorial intelligence from CATAYSE tools that most of the CAENTI participants use. The program plans the creation of a CATALYSE toolkit in 2006, the publishing online of diagnosis and evaluation tools in 2007 and the constitution of an indicators portal in 2008.
  CAENTI suggests tools 1) of diagnosis and evaluation, 2) inventory of the territorial services and 3) of space analysis of territorial information.
  These tools were tested in different countries or regions of Europe. The CATALYSE toolkit will make a homogeneous synthesis at the European level which will be accessible to new users.
  Celia SANCHEZ coordinated the definition of a diagnosis guide and of an evaluation one that correspond to the European standards concerning socio-economic data, thanks to the guides that are used by the CAENTI actors. Presently, this work led to specifications that she will present.
  As far as I am concerned, I will speak about the short and medium terms:
  - the definition of specifications for the services repertory;
  - the selection of contextual indicators;
  - the specifications to update the Pragma quantitative examination software;
  - the integration of the latter one with the quantitative analysis softwares Anaconda and Nuage;
  - the creation of a global note of use that explains the meaning of the data, their technical use and their implementation in the context of sustainable development.
  The online version of the diagnosis and evaluation guide will constitute the major step of the online publication of the CATALYSE tools in 2007.
  
  
• 11.20-11.35: Specifications of the contents of the Catalyse toolkit. Célia SANCHEZ LOPEZ, Universidad de Huelva.
  This communication evokes the coordination activities that were made within the WP6C group that is in charge of the definition of the contents of the CATALYSE toolkit. The diagnosis and evaluation guides that were defined and have been used by the present CAENTI partners since 1994 were harmonized. The latter wade also made so as to respect the European standards for the concerned data and to facilitate its confrontation with the available indicators at the European level. A series of specifications was defined concerning the functions of this guide (communication instrument/data processing base), its structure (welcome/project/evaluation), the information it includes, and the data processing protocols of these information. The works in progress, which continuation has now to be organized and planned, are linked to:
  - the precise definition and the contents formulation according to national differences and local practices;
  - process designs redaction, according to statistical procedures.
  
• 11.35-11.50 : Toward a European Observatory of the elementary school :feasibility study frm the French experience « Observatory of the Rural School ». Yves ALPE, Lecturer in Sociology.
  In the general framework of the project, we will define the objectives that are specific to the working center WP6E, the questionings they underlie, as the pupils trajectories in the elementary school, the links between school and local development (new links school-community), equity in the educational area (for example between urban and rural environment…).
  After having presented the present operation of the Observatory of Rural School, its organisational principles and its scientific methods, the produced results and their valorisation, the turning-back to new questions …we will evoke the question of the action operational strategy to be implemented in the European framework: preliminary tasks to be made, material and organisational problems to be solved, modalities of the scientific work…
  Lastly, we will make a schedule suggestion for the provisional programme of the WP6E for the three years of the European program.
  - Seminar 1 (Aix en Provence, France, July 2006): first contacts
  - Conference of Alba Iulia (Romania): presentation of the ORS and suggestion of working methods
  - Seminar 2 (Salerno, Italy, May 2007): elaboration of the preproject
  - Conference of Huelva (Spain): state of art
  - Seminar 3 (place and date to be defined): tools and methods
  Conference of Besançon: presentation of the conditions schedule.

14:00-15:30: Thematic workshops

Theme 1 - Is the region the most appropriate space to think the sustainable development ?

Workshop 1.1 – Romanian Regions Development

• Simion CRETU. “CENTRU” REGION. Natural and Antropic Potential – Development Perspectives.
  The paper aims to provide an overview upon the natural resources existing in the Region – relief, subsoil resources and the anthropical resources: The paper aims to provide an overview upon the natural resources existing in the Region – relief, subsoil resources and the anthropical resources: infrastructure, economy, human resources, environment and related to those, analysis the development potential of CENTRU Region. The “Centre” Development Region lays in the middle of Romania within the great bend of the Carpathian Mountains on the superior and middle course of Mures and Olt rivers, being crossed by the 25° east longitude meridian and the 46° north latitude parallel. Lacking plains in the geographical meaning of the word, as far as its relief concerns, the Region comprises considerable parts of the three ranges of the Romanian Carpathians, the hilly Region of the Transylvanian Tableland and the depressions of the contact area between the hill and mountain ranges. The economic data of the Region shows a relatively balanced distribution of the three economic sectors: primary, secondary and tertiary. The structure and distribution of the main economic activities over the territory of the Region has been caused by the variety of natural resources, by geographical position and by the existing traditions in processing these resources. , human resources, environment and related to those, analysis the development potential of CENTRU Region. The “Centre” Development Region lays in the middle of Romania within the great bend of the Carpathian Mountains on the superior and middle course of Mures and Olt rivers, being crossed by the 25° east longitude meridian and the 46° north latitude parallel. Lacking plains in the geographical meaning of the word, as far as its relief concerns, the Region comprises considerable parts of the three ranges of the Romanian Carpathians, the hilly Region of the Transylvanian Tableland and the depressions of the contact area between the hill and mountain ranges. The economic data of the Region shows a relatively balanced distribution of the three economic sectors: primary, secondary and tertiary. The structure and distribution of the main economic activities over the territory of the Region has been caused by the variety of natural resources, by geographical position and by the existing traditions in processing these resources.

• Calina Ana BUTIU. Regional analysis on subjective welfare.romanians’ major concerns on developing regions.
  The governments having come by turns in the last two transition decades in Romania could hardly manage to give the right answers to the Romanians’ expectations. The unstressed efficiency, the fluctuations and the public institutions hesitation have all generated insecure feelings and thoughts to population, and all of these can be regarded as general, relatively lasting but uncontrolled fears of the human being. Fears are tensional states having an objective basis and revealing the individual’s more or less depicted expectations, concerning the public institutions. The developing regions creation (for now territorial frames with distinct profiles, without personal governance, aiming the absorption and financial administration of the UE funds) brings into account the compensation of the needs and the differentiated territorial expectations. Diseases, firstly, prices and the children’s future represent the main concerns of the Romanians (according to Public Opinion Barometers), with territorial differences, of course. Maximum percentage of the disease fears are registered in the Western Region (a relatively developed region) where one can hardly face the fear for the children’s future. Fear for prices is a main concern of the population in the poorest regions. As there are plenty of explanatory variables in shaping the fears, we may take into consideration a psychosocial profile of all the regions in approaching the sustainable development strategies.

Workshop1.2 – Employment and territorial delimitation

• Blanca MIEDES UGARTE, Celia SÁNCHEZ LÓPEZ, Germán PÉREZ MORALES, Antonio J MORENO MORENO. Are local labour markets suitable space units in order to define sustainable territorial development strategies?
  Analysis of spaces of population daily mobility due to labour reasons is a broadly used method for local labour markets demarcation (Combes 1986; Eurostat, 1992; Casado Díaz, 1991). These spaces of mobility are the result of multiple factors interaction: natural factors (especially the orography), socioeconomic factors (type of local productive activity in connection with human capital characteristics in each area, dwelling availability and housing market, availability of services and public and private infrastructures (transport, schools, nurseries, health services, etc.), and even cultural factors as those determining labour mobilization and population's learning patterns. Thereby “local labour markets” delimitation has been proved to be very useful in planning several aspects related with the economic and social development, especially in urban environments, as transports policys, urbanism and public services supply.
  The question we address in this communication is if these spaces are also suitable territorial units in conceptualizing wider multidimensional politics promoting territorial sustainable development.
  In other words, are these local labour markets suitable space units in order to define sustainable territorial development strategies? Which are main advantages and inconveniences of using this delimitation as basis of territorial diagnosis? Is the use of these space units useful in favouring territorial governance?
  The discussion will be based on the results of an empirical study developed by the Local Observatory of Employment of Huelva University about the specific labour market regionalization of the province of Huelva (Spain).

• Pierre CHAMPOLLION. Regional development, career choice and territorialization of training supply : rudiments of problematical.
  In the framework of decentralization laws (1980), the secondary general and professional training supply became progressively partly “regional”. “Region” means in France political and administrative federative space of many different territories, which are coming from history and which are not obligatory carrying of collective and democratic projects. School competences of the regions today affects only high schools. These competences concern construction, equipment and operation. Diplomas, curricula and teachers belong always to the state. High school training supply is a global competence which is divided between region and state.
  In the framework of this divided competence, secondary general training supply has been organized through territorial development by both partners, state and region. Professional training supply is today not completely adjusted to regional economic needs, even if it was sometimes adjusted to specific local economic needs (CHAMPOLLION, 1987). Teacher training on its side is now not really adapted to regional contexts (CHAMPOLLION, 2005). Pupil’s career choice is influenced by territory through “territory effects” (CHAMPOLLION, 2005). Generally, the French minister of education (DEP, School Geography) has established for more than ten years that there was disparities between different educational districts (“academies”). But, in fact, these disparities concern more the different types of territories (rural or urban, for example) in a same region than the different regional spaces (DAVAILLON, 1998; ARRIGHI, 2004; GRELET, 2004 & 2006).

• Evelyne BRUNAU. The choice of the employment basin as an intervention territory in the field of professional insertion.
  Alsace is a small region that includes two departments, Haut-Rhin and Bas-Rhin. During decades, it was considered as a rich region, which economical and employment results were always among the most performant of France.
  Nevertheless, the economic recession struck this area for ten years and the economic and institutional actors had to make an inventory of a territory, which seemed very homogeneous but that is actually very diversified, as in terms of ability to intervene on local development as in terms of accompaniment of unemployed people. I will explain the step that allowed creating a strong partnership in relation with the employment basin concept as a relevant area of intervention.

Workshop 1.3 : Other regional approaches

• Ionela GAVRILA-PAVEN. Comparative study regarding the evolution of the foreign direct investments in central and eastern europe region.
  In this paper, we question whether there is a catch-up effect or announcement effecting Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) from the European Union (EU) to the ten EU accession countries. We study FDI outflows from the Romania, a small economy with few historical ties to Eastern Europe, and compare FDI in the transition countries in Central and Eastern Europe to FDI in other regions - most notably to transition countries in Central Asia. In our analysis we try to impose as little structure as possible on the data and allow for heterogeneity within the different regions. In an effort to improve on past studies in the same area, we use a very broad sample of countries; we present country-specific results. We will try to show that economic fundamentals explain differences in inward investment in the region. FDI and trade are mostly complementary and there is no evidence that there is crowding out between regions.

• Cheng-Hui Lucy CHEN, Rueyming TSAY. Peril or Promise? Building a Science Park in Central Taiwan?
  This paper provides a case study of the impacts of an economic development project on two townships in central Taiwan. To fulfill President Chen's campaign promise in increasing Taiwan's innovation competitiveness and balancing regional development in a global economy, the central government approved and began constructing Central Taiwan Science Park expediently in 2002. Pressured to cooperate, local residents have endured the pains brought by this development such as the transformation in rural landscape, traffic jams, pollutions, and relocations. So far, residents have yet to realize and materialize the promises of such a development project. It is doubtful that such a "top down" policy would be ideal for the sustainable development of local areas. Moreover, through in-depth interviews, we documented how Taiwan's pursue in the global economic race has brought unequal impacts on some of its rural communities.

• József TÓTH, Zoltán WILHELM. Geographical, Historical and Administrative Basis of the Regions of Hungary.
  The professional and political debate on the superficial or in-depth reorganization and reform of Hungary 's administrative regions – which has been a constant feature on the agenda, albeit with varying levels of importance since the regime change of 1990 – has today been revived. The reforms carried out in Hungary during the part decade, although affecting area organization at many levels, have failed within the modified conditional system to provide a viable and comprehensive system.
  The internal structure of a state is determined by the state boundaries. To speak of state borders with regard to a uniting Europe is no easy task, since the import of the expression is changing within the framework of this integration. The outer borders of the EU lie along natural boundaries, and therefore may be clearly defined, while serving as protective enclosures for achievements which present inhabitants reached over many decades. In recent decades this produced a predominantly isolating tendency, and its liberalization in relation to penetrability may be mainly interpreted as a result of the expansion process. It seems appropriate to emphasise this notion, since after enlargement in 2004, today’s Schengen border will partly become an internal one, and in parallel will be gradually pushed eastwards, creating a wall or barrier in regions where it was traditionally desirable to maintain penetrability.

• Mohamed SAIDI, Mourad BOUTEFLIKA. System of the fortifications of the maritime Syria: territoriality and sustainable development.
  It is important to re-examine the geographical situation of the territory of Tartous as a part the maritime Syria in order to understand the choice of the implantations of the crusaders in the territory of Tartous. The first conquered territories were the inshore agglomerations for political and strategic reasons (to receive help and provisions); Tartous situated on the coast was the first conquered fortification which was rebuilt to higher defensive standards. In the territory of Tartous we have two systems of fortifications, the one belonging to the Francs and the other one to the Ismaelians. The region of El-Qadmous ( Ismaelian region) represents by its geomorphology and its difficult accessibility a shelter, besides the name one of the castles belonging to the same system called "Al Khawabi" that means" caches "or" shelters ". These castles are constructed in the purpose of protecting the Ismaelian population and the zones of productions. The Francs’ castles were generally built near a crossroad, a pass and near a main road their roles were to protect the accesses to the coastal band, they are generally occupied by important garrisons.

Theme 2 – In the framework of regional identity construction, what are the problems, the experiments and the good practices?

Workshop 2.1 – Territorial Identity

• Cristian Nicolae BOTAN, Oana-Ramona ILOVAN. Geographic identity aspects of the land of the Moţi.
  The “land” type regional entities of Romania have been characterised by several fundamental features (‘fortified’ areas where the Romanian ethnics were protected, Orthodoxy, specificity of the ethnographic and toponymy components etc.). On one hand, many of these attributes were common to all the Romanian “lands”, and on the other hand each of these geographic entities has its own features. For the Land of the Moţi, the following characteristics are significant: a different morphology from those of the other “lands” - it is an “over the mountain tops land”, no depressions; relevant historical and geographical features (that imposed the community as a representative of all the Romanians during certain periods); the existence of certain valuable resources (such as gold and wood and thus framing the economic profile of the region); poor or lack of agricultural lands (triggering continuous mobility for the people in order to ensure food) etc. This paper focuses on analysing all the geographical and historical aspects that were involved into creating the geographical identity of this region in the heart of the Apuseni Mountains. A first image of the community and its features is that of the moþi themselves and the second one, more important, is that of several other communities either from Romania and from abroad. The purpose of such a both delicate and scientifically rigorous study is that of identifying and establishing the future strategies for the sustainable development of the Land of the Moţi while underlining first the strengths and the weaknesses of the territorial system.

• Oana-Ramona ILOVAN. Mechanisms in the construction and deconstruction of territorial identity in the “lands” of Romania.
  This paper approaches the mechanisms that worked for building the identity of the “lands” of Romania. The focus is on the significance that identity had and still has in ensuring the functioning of the regional system. Therefore, the first part of our paper lists the mechanisms that rendered the “lands” as functional and original areas, especially due to the role that territorial identity had. The second part of our paper shows the deconstruction mechanisms that we identified especially for the 20th century when they were highly obvious. The third part is an approach of territorial identity in relation to sustainable development, that is identity as a factor of stimulating or of hindering the development of a region, of a “land”. Here, the case of the Land of Nãsãud is discussed in order to support our point of view on this theme.

• Marie Michèle VENTURINI, Julien ANGELINI. Corsica between insular inheritance and regional identity: towards territorial intelligence.
  Our communication corresponds to the second theme of the Territorial Intelligence Conference: Region, Identity and sustainable. Our goal is to locate the society present reality of Corsica region to demonstrate that it constitutes a favourable ground to apply territorial intelligence processes. Insular, Mediterranean and European region, Corsica is a rich historical and cultural heritage on a territory that is a remarkable natural inheritance. Far from considering that its identity only consists in its resources presentation, Corsica, thought its University; opens the modernity way with an original valorisation of its heritage that is also a humane and social one. We consider regional identity lays in the local actors’ ability to identify, gather and valorise the heritage elements in a broad meaning and to locate them in transboarder mutualisation logic. That is why ICT that are a major dimension of the territorial intelligence process, constitute an indispensable tool in this step. Through actions that were led in our region, we want to demonstrate regional identity is a perpetual built that has a transhistoric nature, belongs to local actors and entered a new era of collaborative experiences thanks to the Internet. The European wealth is obviously constituted by the valorisation of local richness that creates the harmonious mosaic of its identity.

Workshop 2.2 - Territory and Community

• Dan Coriolan SIMEDRU. Alba County: The role of the mountain regions within the social cohesion strategy.
  Around two thirds of the Alba County are covered by mountains. An integrated planning policy for the particular regions should include socio-economic measures, protection and management measures and the last but not the least local culture and tradition. Within the territorial strategy, elaborate by the County these days, the balance between promotion, development, and protection of the natural environment become crucial. Elected and appointed officials are in the process of learning the new policies to mobilize population and economic actors towards conservation and the best use of the endogenous resources in order to diversify the economic base. The rehabilitation of the basic infrastructure is a strategic choice for increasing the attractiveness of the mountain settlements for all groups of people. The specific condition of the mountain areas consider attention to the coordination of the sectoral policies such as: 1. Promote the diversification of SMEs sector and encouragement of craftsman; 2. Strengthen the marketing of the agricultural and forestry products; 3. Support the tourism activities, protecting the environment; 4. Protect the specific landscape, air, water, and soil quality; 5. Preserve flora and the wild life and their habitat; 6. Promote the identity and the cultural diversity of the mountain population.

• Marian ATAI. Alba County: Towards a Balanced Development of the Territory Based on Natural and Cultural Heritage.
  The cultural heritage of Alba County, from the cultural landscape of rural areas to the historic town centres of Alba Iulia, Blaj and Aiud cities, is the expression of its identity. It is important for the County Council to spread cultural value of this land through the other EU countries by strengthening the cultural facilities, upgrading and maintaining the quality of public space and reviving commemorative sites. The natural and cultural heritage of the rural and urban areas are economic factors which may contribute substantially for regional development. The accessibility within the region, the quality of infrastructure and services, and the last but not the least, the quality of the public management are seen as crucial factors for location decision of new companies and precondition for the tourism development. The Alba County is in the process of developing, by the end of the year, its development strategy, based on 4 pillars: socio, economic, cultural and spatial. The main aim of the strategy is to balance both, preservation and development of the build and natural heritage. This can play an important role of social and spatial balancing, and in protection of protected areas and environmentally sensitive areas.

• Hsiu-Jen Jennifer YEH. Community Recovery and Sustainable Development in the Region of Seismic Center in Taiwan after the 1999 CHI-CHI Earthquake.
  The major purpose of this study is to evaluate the progress of community recovery and sustainable development of the region of seismic centre in Taiwan after the 1999 Chi-Chi Earthquake. Data analyzed in this study were collected from a face-to-face interview survey conducted in the research site of Tzu-Shan Town, Nan-Tau County, an area close to the epicentre of Chi-Chi Town, Nan-Tau County. The analysis of this study indicates that before the earthquake the residents of Tzu-Shan Town already faced two serious problems in economics and employment; and the earthquake made the situation even worse for the residents of Tzu-Shan Town. Findings of this study show that the willingness to purchase earthquake insurance and to pay for public facilities during disaster period is positively associated with education and income. In terms of social resources, as high as 84.5% respondents indicated that self-help was most helpful to them after the earthquake, followed by friends and relatives (9.7%); whereas government agencies and NGO’s had provided only limited help. A strong consensus among the respondents (82%) indicated that it was necessary to establish a designated agency to take charge in disaster management and resource allocation. Most respondents also considered central government should take the lead to promote recovery.

Theme 3 - Which methods and instruments must be used to implement the territory sustainable development?

Workshop 3.1 - GIS and other methods of territorial analysis

• Fang-Yie LEU, Tai-Hsiang WANG. Data Analysis Using GIS and Data Mining.
  Recently, many commercial Geographic Information Systems (GISs) have been developed and released. Their functions are also quickly growing up. Researchers and policymakers can input environmental data to a GIS system to obtain spatial analysis result which can show how data are geographically dispersed. Besides, the data mining and data warehousing technologies can automatically mine the hidden knowledge and extract knowledge from raw data, respectively. This is why people call them machine learning tools. However, if we can put them in use with GIS, we can catch the hidden meanings or rules of the environmental data more deeply and precisely than before. In this proposal, we propose a framework that integrates GIS and data mining techniques to analyze the data collected for the Situn so that researchers can realize some facts that originally can not be found from raw data superficially.

• Peter PEHANI, Kristof OSTIR, Sneza Tecco HVALA. Application of Internet GIS tools for heritage management.
  Abstract Geographical information systems are becoming a common tool in applications that involve spatial objects and relations, including heritage management. In the last years the internet technology is moving GIS towards web based applications, simplifying the interaction between users and GIS, and at the same time reducing the ownership and maintenance costs. At the Scientific Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts (ZRC SAZU) the GIS internet server has been established recently to present databases and research to general and professional public. During the design period various software products and implementation methods have been evaluated, and finally a combined solution – with basic and advanced component – has been selected. The basic one enables simple display and identification of spatial data, while the advanced web GIS gives sophisticated display options and tools for spatial analyses. The register of archaeological sites of Slovenia is one of the first databases that has been implemented for both general and advanced users. The database contains 7000 archaeological sites in Slovenia (with different spatial and descriptive attributes) and is supplemented with topographic maps, digital elevation model etc. Buffering, distance measurement, and sophisticated selections have been implemented together with simple display and identification to build a sophisticated and useful tool.

• Cécile TANNIER. Sharing and disseminating knowledge of advanced spatial modelling.
  The European research group S4 (Spatial simulation for social sciences) gather researchers in geography as well as in geographical information sciences coming from about 30 European research centres. One action of the European research group S4 consists in sharing and disseminating knowledge of advanced spatial modelling. We propose here to describe several aspects of this action that are of interest considering the objectives of the CAENTI. The first aim of the action is to improve the diffusion of the results of the research in advanced spatial modelling, particularly in direction of regional and urban management and planning. The second aim is the development of tools and methods to improve coherence of knowledge and experiences that is especially required in those fields characterised by a rapidly developing research as it is the case for spatial systems analysis and modelling.

Workshop 3.2 - Local Observation

• Julia FERNANDEZ QUINTANILLA, Javier MAHIA CORDERO, Jean-Jacques GIRARDOT, Cyril MASSELOT. The observation strategy of the accem.
  The ACCEM is a no governmental organization which acts with refugees and immigrated people in Spain. Since 1996, it develops an observation strategy that articulates a national observation and local observatories. The latter ones aim at improving the services to migrants, thanks to a better knowledge of their needs. They use the territorial intelligence tools CATALYSE and the skills trees.
  Since 1996, the national observatory Gorion gathers in Madrid the individual data about migrants from the regional centres and different programs made by ACCEM. It provides a broader knowledge of the migrants and of their request profiles. Thus, it allows a better programming of the actions. It is also possible to answer the administration’s, the financers’, the local centres or action programs information requests.
  Parallely, two local observatories were developed in Gijon and Sigüenza in partnership with the public and associative local services. Their objective was to answer in a more global way to the migrants’ needs, by establishing and reinforcing the synergies between the services whilst respecting the local specificities. They remarkably improved the knowledge about the migrant people and especially about their specificities within the communities. They allowed implementing adapted individual answers, but also to improve the well-being of the territorial communities. They developed new satellite observatories, in Oviedo and Guadalajara.
  Since 2004, ACCEM plans to develop a local observatories network that would be broader on the base of its experiences. The objective is to harmonize a common language, to widen the vision of the needs and to improve the articulation between the three levels: local, regional and national. Firstly, the CATALYSE tools were harmonized at the observatories level. As of now, they are used by two new observatories in Sevilla and in Leon.
  Now, the e-gorrion project aims at publishing on line the tools to make them more accessible and to develop answers in real time.

• Anne PERETZ, Jean-Pierre GIMBERT. Development of a co-operative information system for the follow-up of evolution of users's situation (Children, youngs and adults mentally handicapped)
  On the basis of tools and method CATALYSE, Adapei of Besancon realized in :
  - 1994 : reflexion about evaluation
  - 1999 : experimentation of the software PARADA conceived for only one service (350 users) within a difficult and long work taking into account the professional revolution which the use of data processing for the follow-up of the users represented.
  - 2002 : the data base/tool of collective evaluation by intranet “EXIGENCE” allow the opening of this practice towards a work in regional partnership (750 users)
  - 2005-2008: the project profits from the conclusions drawn from these 2 experiments ; particularly from the points of view from mentalities, laws and norm ISO 9001 v.2000 ; but also from the point of view from the considerable technological advances recorded by the development of a system of co-operative work “OSUA” (1 000 users concerned).

• Serge SCHMITZ. Is territorial sensitivities method acceptable in the territorial intelligence approaches?
  The territorial sensitivities method was suggested as an empathic tool to collect the sense of places (Tuan, 2001) and the meanings of the landscape features. It was presented as a possible alternative to the traditional participation process so as to take into account the meanings of people in physical planning projects (Schmitz, 1998). The methodology is based on the comparison between an “objective” inventory of localisable changes and those which are collected in the speech of the inhabitants. Analysing which changes are mentioned, but also which ones are absent, helps grasping the places appropriation (Schmitz, 2001). After a short presentation of the method, the paper wonders about the acceptability of this method in the context of territorial intelligence. Is it suitable to join non participative empathic methods in the set of tools of territorial intelligence?
• Javier MAHIA CORDERO. ACCEM experience in the implementation of a territorial management system of social and professional skills since immigrant labour insertion and social integration process in Spain.
  ACCEM is a nation-wide non governmental organization that develops its work and programmesmes in the field of the migration since 1992. The entity is present in ten Autonomous Communities of the Spanish state (in twenty-one counties and twenty-six municipalities).
  Since 1996 and through the Communitary Initiatives of Employment and Development of Human resources "HORIZON" and "INTEGRA", ACCEM begins the experimentation of a methodology in order to establish a Territorial Management System of Social and Professional Skills that could facilitate the social integration and labour insertion of asylum applicants, refugees and immigrants in the reception territories, through the management of skills (abilities, aptitudes and attitudes).

Workshop 3.3 - Sustainable territorial development limits

• Pompei COCEAN, Oana-Ramona ILOVAN. Sustainable Development between Possibilities and Limits.
  Sustainable Development between Possibilities and Limits. Our paper focuses on the concept of “sustainable development”. In the first part of our study we discuss the significance of this concept since its birth. In the second part, we debate upon the main coordinates of sustainable development between possibilities and limits, between reality and utopia. This concept has started to impose itself as a red line necessary to regional development plans and strategies on a medium and long term. Its significance, at present, consists of numerous attributes in the form of the imperative desiderata of any future actions, meant to highlight the cohesion, the harmony and the balance of man-nature relations. Less discussed are the limits of sustainable development, the threats and the obstacles as real thresholds in the way of its becoming. Running out of resources, cumulative effects upon the environment, territorial disparities, demographical spasms, economic voluntarism, and social discrepancies are, on our opinion, several aspects to be taken into account together with the strengths and the opportunities that are characteristic of the use of this concept.

• Maria José ASENSIO COTO, Olga MINGUEZ MORENO. Sustainable development: elements for its interpretation.
  The content and the range of the sustainable development, as far as the development model to which international community aims at moving is concerned, is the object of several interpretations. As a consequence, the sustainability diagnosis and the design, execution and evaluation of actions that try to move the present model to a sustainable model, need a previous conceptualization exercise of the sustainability concept itself. We would like to introduce in this work some elements that can contribute to the necessary discussion to make the sustainable development concept operational.
  We will go from the events that generated the discussion about the dominating model of development and the first diagnosis that recommended the exhaustion of the latter by focusing on the evaluation of the interpretation of the relationship between environment and development. Indeed, we describe the followed process until a worldwide consensus was reached about a definition of Sustainable Development that is used as a base for the present international strategy of Sustainable Development.
  Then, we present the central elements that will contribute to the different interpretations of Sustainable Development from the limitations on the ones it is built. In the one hand, the change the adjective itself generates on the concept of Development in itself (internal limit). As a consequence, it is a question of needs to satisfy. In the other hand, the physical limit (external limit) is linked to the shape in which the system that aims at satisfying the needs is organized.
  Eventually, we apply these analysis elements to the discussion on the offer that was made in Tokyo declaration (Brundtland report) on the one the international strategy towards sustainability of Rio conference is articulated.

• Ioana RISTEIU, Marin BIRLA. Sustainable development and forestry resources administration in the Apuseni mountains area.
  Due to irrational forest administration in Romania, we are witnesses of a decline concerning this issue. The present statistics demonstrate the fact that around 2 million ha in Romania are deteriorated, being almost unsuitable to agriculture. Consequently, the decisional factors taking into account the forest administration in Romania – Parliament, Government but especially the specialized ministry and the Forest National Department – have sufficient reasons for action in view of stopping the forests decline. So, the question raising up is the following one: Can the ones involved in the ecological forest reconstruction to count on the territorial communities and the local actors territorial intelligence? Which is the balance between the communitarian territorial intelligence and the local governance in this complex approach? In our attempt of answering to this question, during last years, we realized a series of analyses and investigations in the Apuseni Mountains area– Romania. The results obtained stress the idea of global approaches, partnerships creation and the citizens’ participation in taking the decisions linked to the forest administration.

Workshop 3.4 - Regional instruments for sustainable development

• Mircea RISTEIU, Ioan ILEANA, Mihai PASCARU. Digital Alba Iulia. System Integration for Regional E-government SIRE-go.
  In this paper work we propose to integrate Alba region into the Digital Government Society (DGS) as an Intelligent Society. The issue in our approach is to consider that digital (or electronic) government fosters the use of existent information and high technology to support and improve public policies and government operations, engage citizens, and provide comprehensive and timely government services. DGS, with the specific name SIRE-go, equips its active members and contributors with a professional support network focused on both education and effective practices that nurture technical, social, and organizational transformation in the public sector. The purpose of this project is to delimit the Digital Entities, as “images of reality”, made of Data, (the bits - zeros and ones- put on a storage system, Information (the attributes used to assign semantic meaning to the data), until Knowledge (the structural relationships described by a data model or semantic relationships between attributes). Every digital entity requires information and knowledge to correctly interpret and display. The main teams of experts - sociologists, lawyers, archaeologists, heritage and traditions, geodesy and cadastres specialists, will work with computer science specialists for building up the spatial database and its associated computer and web-based applications.

• Alexandre MOINE, Marie-Hélène DE SEDE-MARCEAU. For a regional economical observatory in Franche-Comté: Between mutualisation and independency.
  Presently, in France the sets of actors are deeply conditioned by the effects of the decentralisation that took place in 1982, and by the competences transfers. By progressively giving importance to the local levels, the French state gave them the first rank in terms of economical development. Nevertheless, in a very changing overall context, the determinants of the companies’ localization and as a consequence the economical attractiveness of territories changes very quickly. As a result it is essential to obtain tools of territorial intelligence that are able at the same time to describe and anticipate the socioeconomic evolutions and also to link the actors who are in charge of territorial development, from the regional to the infra-regional levels. Consequently, the observation issue in these territorial frameworks that are encased the ones inside the others and linked the ones with the others requires the implementation of specific tools: - That are able to integrate time and to allow a great reactivity compared to the data updating and processing ; - That are able to offer various analysis scales and the capacity to select analysis areas that transcend the institutional cuttings ; - That allow the implementation of shared and recognized indicators ; - That are accessible on Internet, as from the management point of view as from the exploitation one ; - That are shared by lots of actors, insofar as the failure of one of them does not completely question the whole exploitation. We would like to present an experiment that is taking place in Franche-Comté and which consists in the structuring of a regional resources platform that is associated to semi independent departmental observatories. We will try to describe what was expected from the regional and infra-regional observatory to implement efficient governance, from the project genesis (schedule of conditions and actors consultation) to the philosophy of the technical proposals.

• Iuliana CENAR, Constantin DEACONU. Individual Farming – A Hindrance in Durable Territorial Development?
  What is going to happen with territorial actors after Romania’s joining into the European Union? Standing against the new represents a characteristic of Romanian social and economic environment, which manifests strongly in individual farming. The main reason for this fact represents the misinforming regarding to the revitalizing possibility in the agricultural domain, especially to using different resources concerning this area (European funds, subsidies, different facilities and so on) A quick and simple way of informing over the above mentioned aspects can supply for the Romanian farmer possible solutions respective to organizing the ownership forms of the land, in the sense of taking into practice of some viable agricultural associations. We are going to prove the information above by effective research in the farms situated near Alba Iulia (Ighiu, Micesti, Aard, Oarda).

Workshop 3.5 – Sustainable development socio-economic factors

• Liliana IONAS. Trends in Social Mobility in Romania since the Middle of the Twentieth Century. Economical Change as an Explicative Factor of the Social Mobility.
  One of the explanations of the social mobility’s growth in industrial countries from Europe and North America since the mid-twenty century is the occupational change due to the modifications produced in the economic sectors. The pattern of upward social mobility can change because the number of desirable social positions don’t increase endlessness, because the parents of younger birth-cohorts (people born since the 1960’s) have already benefited from upward social mobility so there is less scope for further upward mobility of their descendents. This paper aims to verify if the pattern of constant absolute social mobility applies to Romanian context, if some changes have occurred in the regime of social mobility in Romania since the middle of the twentieth century, and how much are these due to the dynamic from the occupational structure. The paper uses the frame of social classification proposed by Erikson and Goldthorpe (in their work, The Constant Flux: A Study of Class Mobility in Industrial Societies, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1992), and applies it to Romanian society. The data selected were from The Romanian Population and Household Census of 2002 and Public Opinion Barometers available to SOROS Foundation for an Open Society from Romania.

• Natalya MOISEYENKO. Businesses as one of the key elements of a regions sustainable development.
  The regionalization and local development, encouraged by the European Union involves the notion of “territory”. Today “territory” or “region” should be seen as a system of actors. The concept of sustainable development should be taken into account by these actors. Businesses (especially SMEs) whose aim is to assure local development, economic growth and job creation are one of the key elements of territory’s sustainability.

• Mihai PASCARU. Territorial intelligence and local development. The restoring of results of the sociological inquiry in a micro-regional area.
  The proposed study is first the result of the activities and research developed in a CNCSIS project in Romania. But it s also the result of some long-term reflections, with deep openings in future. In its first part (FUNDAMENTAL NOTIONS AND EXPLORATORY INVESTIGATIONS) the study intends to reunite a series of conceptual delimitations, the focused concepts being especially those of territorial intelligence, community development and governance. The second part of the study, dedicated to our more recent investigations in the Apuseni Mountains (Romania), starts with a short description of the studied territory: the micro-region Albac-Scărişoara-Horea (Alba county). In the sociological inquiry made in the micro-region, we mainly focused on the inhabitants’ representations of the studied territory. The results of the sociological inquiry. Were then restored to the local actors, thus shaping an important instrument of settling territorial intelligence, community development and local governing in a micro-regional context.

Workshop 3.6 – Territorial intelligence systems

• François Pierre TOURNEUX, Laure NUNINGER, Kristof OSTIR. ModeLTER : modelling of landscapes and territories over the long term, the members of an European Associated Laboratory (EAL) in CAENTI.
  This project concerns the modelisation of landscapes and territories over the long term. This has been a topic that engaged the proposed research team for several years, particularly in the frame of two European projects, Archeomedes I & II, during the 1990s. Since this period, the collaboration of French and Slovenian researchers increased in activity, and finds now a new organization in an European associated laboratory, linking archaeologists, anthropologists, geodesists and geographers in a small and trained team.
  An European Associated Laboratory is an out wall structure, linking researchers from several European countries, during four years. In this case, it should be organized in a small group with a particular competence.
  In ModeLTER, our purpose is to develop concepts and methods regarding the relationships between societies and their environment over the long term, e.g. from Iron Age (8 centuries before JC) to nowadays. The team will study the territorial strategies – i.e. how societies did change in their way to occupy their land - and their links with landscape production – i.e. how societies did produce new organization of their environment. ModeLTER will have a dual purpose: to model conceivable explanations of changes, and to understand resilience phenomena in order to provide useful indicators for sustainable development studies.
  The ModeLTER’s scientific program consists of a threefold activity:
  1) Detection of features related to past landscapes: this is the basic level required to produce and to process original data, such as archaeological maps, land-use, and terrain models depicting relief (DEM/DTM).
  2) Contexts of the past societies in their natural, social and historical aspects: this is the analytical level, where original data will be overlaid and combined to create indicators of changes, to understand decision strategies regarding settlement pattern and territory.
  3) Prediction of what could have happen, when or where we cannot get information through detection: the purpose is to produce models and to confirm indicators defined within the framework of previous step.
  Furthermore, ModeLTER should develop an additional activity, called “Tools and databases”, integrating the group within the framework of different cooperation platforms such as CAENTI.

• Jean-Jacques GIRARDOT. The editorial function of territorial intelligence systems.
  Whilst the knowledge society is developing, the editorial function is also developing within the territorial intelligence systems. It is directly linked to the promotion of partnership and participation.
  The territorial intelligence systems develop as an instrument of the second-range actors of territorial development: development agencies, town planning agencies, settlement services, socio-economic observatories, etc. They are shared and cooperative systems. During the latest years, they allowed the information mutualisation and their processing. The growing importance of the editorial function implies that lots of present evolutions continue: accessibility of the Internet, integration and automation of the data processing and integration of expertise and experiences. Besides, the editorial function implies the harmonization of meta-data and the interface between man and computer, so as to make the data and results of their processing accessible to the partners and inhabitants.